I need to find and list all hidden files including directories on a Linux server (CentOS). How can I recursively list all hidden files and directories? How do I save result in a text file? And How do I delete all hidden files/directories ?

Using the find command to list all hidden files recursively

# find  -name ".*" -print

Example

# find /etc/ -name ".*" -print
/etc/skel/.bashrc
/etc/skel/.bash_logout
/etc/skel/.bash_profile
/etc/.pwd.lock

Or,

# find  -name ".*" -ls

Example

# find /etc/ -name ".*" -ls
1310797    4 -rw-r--r--   1 root     root          124 May 11  2012 /etc/skel/.bashrc
1310794    4 -rw-r--r--   1 root     root           18 May 11  2012 /etc/skel/.bash_logout
1310796    4 -rw-r--r--   1 root     root          176 May 11  2012 /etc/skel/.bash_profile
1310854    0 -rw-------   1 root     root            0 Dec 12  2012 /etc/.pwd.lock

If you only want to search only hidden files:

# find  -type f -iname ".*" -ls

Example

# find /usr -type f -iname ".*" -ls
8915163    4 -rw-r--r--   1 root     root          760 Sep 19  2012 /usr/share/man/man5/.k5login.5.gz
8651596    4 -rw-r--r--   1 root     root           40 May 11  2012 /usr/share/man/man1/..1.gz
8654188    4 -rw-r--r--   1 root     root         2438 Aug 25 14:29 /usr/local/lib/php/.depdb
8654187    0 -rw-r--r--   1 root     root            0 Aug 25 14:29 /usr/local/lib/php/.depdblock
8654186    0 -rw-r--r--   1 root     root            0 Aug 25 14:29 /usr/local/lib/php/.lock
...

Or, If you only want to search only hidden directories:

find  -type d -iname ".*" -ls

Example

# find /usr -type d -iname ".*" -ls
8654180    4 drwxr-xr-x   3 root     root         4096 Dec 12  2012 /usr/local/lib/php/.channels
8785283    4 drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         4096 Dec 12  2012 /usr/local/lib/php/.channels/.alias
8654179    4 drwxr-xr-x   5 root     root         4096 Dec 12  2012 /usr/local/lib/php/.registry
...

To remove all hidden files recursively

# find  -type f -iname ".*" -print0 | xargs -0 rm -f

Example

# Delete all hidden files of apache server
# find /var/www/html -type f -iname ".*" -print0 | xargs -0 rm -f

The post Centos: How To List All / Delete Hidden Files Recursively ? appeared first on lifeLinux: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, Ebooks.

Check pending mail

To check how many pending mail, type the following command

# mailq

This will give you example output like this:

 /var/spool/mqueue (2 requests)
-----Q-ID----- --Size-- -----Q-Time----- ------------Sender/Recipient-----------
p4BHPCuP002174      105 Thu May 12 00:25 mualaco
                 (host map: lookup (nixonbox.com): deferred)
                                         pedromelon@nixonbox.com
p4B8uNPZ023735     1000 Wed May 11 15:56 saigonlab
                 (host map: lookup (gmail.com.vn): deferred)
                                         tranhai.ht.83@gmail.com.vn
                Total requests: 2

There are several techniques to delete sendmail queue

Manually removed pending mails

Type the following commands

# rm -rf /var/spool/mqueue
# rm -rf /var/spool/clientmqueue

Final, restart mail service with the following command

# /etc/init.d/sendmail restart

Output like this

Shutting down sm-client:                                   [  OK  ]
Shutting down sendmail:                                    [  OK  ]
Starting sendmail:                                         [  OK  ]
Starting sm-client:                                        [  OK  ]

You can also use find command to remove “Deferred: Connection refused” queues

# find /var/spool/mqueue -type f -exec grep "Deferred: Connection refused" {} \; -exec rm -rf {} \;

The post How To Flush Sendmail Queue In Linux appeared first on lifeLinux: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, Ebooks.

Find files larger than a certain size

This example finds all the files under /root directory which are larger than 50k

[root@lifelinux ~]# find /root -size +50k

Sample output

/root/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_5.3_ts.so
/root/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_4.1.so
/root/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_5.1.so
/root/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_4.2.so
...

Find files within specified size limits

Example, type the following command to limit the search to find only files with the size of 50k to 100k

[root@lifelinux ~]# find /var/log -size +50k -size -100k

Sample output

/var/log/secure.2
/var/log/munin/munin-node.log
/var/log/munin/munin-limits.log
...

If you want to list them with ls, type the following command

[root@lifelinux ~]# find /var/log -size +50k -size -100k -exec ls -lha {} \;

Sample output

-rw------- 1 root root 59K Apr 30 22:01 /var/log/secure.2
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 54K May 13 23:05 /var/log/munin/munin-node.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 munin munin 94K May 13 23:05 /var/log/munin/munin-limits.log

Further readings

Find command

The post Find Large Files In Linux appeared first on lifeLinux: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, Ebooks.