How To Install Nginx And PHP (PHP-FPM) On CentOS 6

In this article, I’ll go over the steps of how to install Nginx and PHP (PHP-FPM) working together on CentOS 6. To start I used clean version of CentOS 6.

The first step is update CentOS to latest version, type the following command

# yum update -y

Install some packages need for the following steps

# yum install gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 make.x86_64 wget.x86_64

Install Nginx

Download latest version of Nginx at http://nginx.org/

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.5.tar.gz

Extract nginx-1.0.5.tar.gz package

# tar zxvf nginx-1.0.5.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.0.5

To build nginx, type the following command

# ./configure --prefix=/webserver/nginx --without-mail_pop3_module --without-mail_imap_module  --without-mail_smtp_module --with-http_ssl_module  --with-http_stub_status_module  --with-http_gzip_static_module
# make
# make install

You may get some errors like the following

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre= option.

To fix it, enter

# yum install pcre-devel.x86_64

/configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
You can either do not enable the modules, or install the OpenSSL library
into the system, or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source
with nginx by using --with-openssl= option.

To fix it, enter

# yum install openssl.x86_64 openssl-devel.x86_64

When build process completed successfully, it’ll display as follows

  Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + using system OpenSSL library
  + md5: using OpenSSL library
  + sha1: using OpenSSL library
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/webserver/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/webserver/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/webserver/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/webserver/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

If you want to run Nginx by default when the system boots, create file called nginx in /etc/init.d/ with following content

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx – this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /opt/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

start() {
	[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
	[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
	echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
	daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
	retval=$?
	echo
	[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
	return $retval
}

stop() {
	echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
	killproc $prog -QUIT
	retval=$?
	echo
	[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
	return $retval
}

restart() {
	configtest || return $?
	stop
	start
}

reload() {
	configtest || return $?
	echo -n $”Reloading $prog: ”
	killproc $nginx -HUP
	RETVAL=$?
	echo
}

force_reload() {
	restart
}

configtest() {
	$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
	status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
	rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
	start)
		rh_status_q && exit 0
		$1
	;;
	stop)
		rh_status_q || exit 0
		$1
	;;
	restart|configtest)
		$1
	;;
	reload)
		rh_status_q || exit 7
		$1
	;;
	force-reload)
		force_reload
	;;
	status)
		rh_status
	;;
	condrestart|try-restart)
		rh_status_q || exit 0
	;;
	*)
		echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
		exit 2
esac

Chmod nginx with executed permission, enter

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

To start Nginx for the first time, type the following command

# /etc/init.d/nginx start

Install PHP (PHP-FPM)

Download latest version of PHP at http://download.php.net

# wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.3.8.tar.gz/from/ca.php.net/mirror

To Extract its, enter

# tar zxvf php-5.3.8.tar.gz
# cd php-5.3.8

To build PHP, I’ll create bash file called build.sh with following content

#!/bin/sh
"./configure" \
"--prefix=/webserver/php" \
"--enable-fpm" \
"--with-libdir=lib64" \
"--with-bz2" \
"--with-config-file-path=/webserver/php/etc" \
"--with-config-file-scan-dir=/webserver/php/etc/php.d" \
"--with-curl=/usr/local/lib" \
"--with-gd" \
"--with-gettext" \
"--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib" \
"--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/lib" \
"--with-kerberos" \
"--with-mcrypt" \
"--with-mhash" \
"--with-mysql" \
"--with-mysqli" \
"--with-pcre-regex=/usr" \
"--with-pdo-mysql=shared" \
"--with-pdo-sqlite=shared" \
"--with-pear=/usr/local/lib/php" \
"--with-png-dir=/usr/local/lib" \
"--with-pspell" \
"--with-sqlite=shared" \
"--with-tidy" \
"--with-xmlrpc" \
"--with-xsl" \
"--with-zlib" \
"--with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/lib" \
"--with-openssl" \
"--with-iconv" \
"--enable-bcmath" \
"--enable-calendar" \
"--enable-exif" \
"--enable-ftp" \
"--enable-gd-native-ttf" \
"--enable-libxml" \
"--enable-magic-quotes" \
"--enable-soap" \
"--enable-sockets" \
"--enable-mbstring" \
"--enable-zip" \
"--enable-wddx"

Type the following command to install PHP

# sh build.sh
# make
# make install

If you have problems building PHP then read the article.
Next step, copy php.ini to /webserver/php/etc/, enter

# cp php.ini-production /webserver/php/etc/php.ini

Rename php-fpm.conf, enter

# cd /webserver/php/etc
# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

Edit php-fpm.conf with following content

[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
user = nobody
group = nobody
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500

If you want to run PHP-FPM by default when the system boots, create file called php-fpm in /etc/init.d/ with following content

#! /bin/sh

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          php-fpm
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description:       starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO

php_fpm_BIN=/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
php_fpm_PID=/webserver/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF"

wait_for_pid () {
	try=0

	while test $try -lt 35 ; do

		case "$1" in
			'created')
			if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
				try=''
				break
			fi
			;;

			'removed')
			if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
				try=''
				break
			fi
			;;
		esac

		echo -n .
		try=`expr $try + 1`
		sleep 1

	done

}

case "$1" in
	start)
		echo -n "Starting php-fpm "

		$php_fpm_BIN $php_opts

		if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
			echo " failed"
			exit 1
		fi

		wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID

		if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
			echo " failed"
			exit 1
		else
			echo " done"
		fi
	;;

	stop)
		echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "

		if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
			echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
			exit 1
		fi

		kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`

		wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

		if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
			echo " failed. Use force-exit"
			exit 1
		else
			echo " done"
		fi
	;;

	force-quit)
		echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "

		if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
			echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
			exit 1
		fi

		kill -TERM `cat $php_fpm_PID`

		wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

		if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
			echo " failed"
			exit 1
		else
			echo " done"
		fi
	;;

	restart)
		$0 stop
		$0 start
	;;

	reload)

		echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "

		if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
			echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
			exit 1
		fi

		kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`

		echo " done"
	;;

	*)
		echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload}"
		exit 1
	;;

esac

Chmod php-fpm with executed permission, enter

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

To start PHP-FPM for the first time, type the following command

# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start

Configure PHP-FPM and Nginx working together

The configuration file for Nginx is located at /webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf. To edit nginx.conf type the following command

# vi /webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

Uncomment the following lines

        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

Type the following command to restart Nginx

# /etc/init.d/nginx restart

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